The key special project of the National Key R&D Plan "Efficient Development and Utilization of Water Resources", "Research on the Strategy and Key Technologies for the Development and Protection of Yangtze River Water Resources", is aimed at addressing potential major constraints in the utilization of Yangtze River water resources, water ecological environment protection, and water disaster prevention and control under changing environmental conditions. Through the integrated utilization of water resources in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin based on reservoir groups Lake area water ecological environment protection and flood and drought disaster prevention and control, cross basin water transfer and optimal allocation of basin water resources, comprehensive utilization of mainstream water resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and water environment protection, macro decision-making research on the development and utilization of water resources in the Yangtze River Basin, and proposing policy consultation suggestions related to efficient utilization of Yangtze River water resources and water ecological environment protection for national and local governments to adopt and apply.