The key special project of the national key research and development program "Research on restoration and protection of typical fragile ecology", "Research on key technologies for ecological environment assessment, early warning and monitoring of Qilian Mountains Natural Reserve", has been approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology, and is intended to receive 20.64 million yuan from the central government. The project implementation period is from December 2019 to November 2022. The project is led and undertaken by the Northwest Institute of Ecological Environment and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Institute of Cold and Dry Region Environment and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences). The project will focus on the distribution pattern of endangered species and key ecosystems in the Qilian Mountains Nature Reserve, reveal the evolution law of the ecological environment, and quantify the impact of climate change and human activities on the nature reserve; Evaluate the health, stability, vulnerability, biodiversity protection, water resource supply function, and ecological governance effectiveness of ecosystems, and propose technical methods for evaluating the ecological environment quality of nature reserves; Identify key ecological and environmental issues, and construct early warning methods and technologies that induce ecological changes under the dual effects of extreme climate change and human activities; Develop key technologies for ecological environment monitoring, build an integrated monitoring system of "sky sky sky earth", and form a demonstration zone; Integrate the evaluation, early warning, monitoring, and management technology system of nature reserves, and propose effective management methods.